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There is a long history of Poles in Azerbaijan ((ポーランド語:Polacy w Azerbejdżanie), (アゼルバイジャン語:Azərbaycan polyakları)). Although the current Polish population of the Republic of Azerbaijan is lower than in former times, the number of people with Polish descent in the capital city Baku is around 2,000 and several thousand self-identified Poles live in Azerbaijan.〔(Polish diaspora )〕 Poles as an ethnic group have lived in Azerbaijan for centuries.〔(Azerbaijan-Poland relations on Aliyev Heritage )〕 The Russian Empire included Azerbaijan and parts of Poland during the 19th century, this was a significant cause of the Polish minority in Azerbaijan. ==History of Poles in Azerbaijan== The Aq Qoyunlu Empire had established relations with Poland (later, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) for the first time already in the 15th century, then again at the end of the 16th and in the 17th century, although they didn't have a significant political impact.〔(Iranian studies in Poland )〕 A substantial number of Poles can be seen among the missionaries who came to Azerbaijan at the end of the 16th century during the reign of Shah Abbas I in the Safavid Empire of Azerbaijan and Iran.〔 The missionaries, often distinguished by knowledge of several languages, also tried to learn the local dialects. They wrote down observations of the living reality that surrounded them. In the 17th century, missionaries Paul Wroczyński, Jedrzej Zielonacki and Alexander Kulesza set up a mission in Ganja, in the 1680s.〔 (Christianity in Azerbaijan ). ''Realny Azerbaijan''. 18 May 2006. Retrieved 29 April 2007〕 The activities of the missionaries were an important link in understanding and rapprochement of the values of East and West. Missionaries and their followers brought gifts to the court of Shah in the form of valuable paintings, illuminated manuscripts of the Bible, etc. They also raised the subject of positive associations with the Polish people. The Poles began to appear in Azerbaijan from the 13th century on, mainly as abductees, captured by the Tatars, but also as those who came there voluntarily. Since the beginning of the 19th century, Azerbaijan was of interest to Polish travelers as well as romantic poets which can be seen through their work. Poles in Azerbaijan appeared after I partition of Poland (1772).〔("Азербайджанская Полония" )〕 At this time Russia waged a war of aggression in the Caucasus, and as forced recruits here involved young men from all the occupied territories (mostly from Poland). Caucasus in the 19th century was, along with Siberia, one of the main places of exile Poles. After the first partition of Poland, they appear as recruits in the Caucasian Corps. In 1813, 10,000 Polish prisoners were sent to the Caucasus, most of them members of the Polish Legions in the Napoleon's army.〔 In 1831, after the failed November Uprising a new wave of the exiled Polish insurgents arrived in Azerbaijan. The main points where the Poles were sent to military service, were in Azerbaijan - Quba, Qusar, Shamakhi, Ganja, Baku, and Zaqatala. Buildings of chapels, which were once built for the military Poles and their families in Quba and Zaqatala are still remaining there. The next batch of repressed Poles were exiled to the Caucasus after the uprising of 1863 (the January Uprising). The Poles have referred to the Caucasus and in Transcaucasia until the end of the 19th century. By the beginning of the 20th century, 17,264 people have been resettled into the Caucasus. The last Polish exile in Azerbaijan, which has so far been identified, was Edward Strump. In 1900, in Warsaw, he published his book ''Pictures of the Caucasus.'' Some Polish exiles were completely deprived of their liberty and detained in custody in places like the island fortress and Zaqatala Nargin. Absheron peninsula was an intensively developed oil industry. This, in turn, created conditions for the emergence of new and development of traditional industries. Baku turned into an international city.〔(Oil Conflicts in Central Asia )〕 In 1897 the Polish population was near two thousand. In 1913, employees were among the Poles in Baku were making 52.2%.〔(of the Poles in Azerbaijan - Russian language )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Poles in Azerbaijan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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